What is Impeller in Flutter?

Impeller is Flutter's new rendering engine designed to replace the aging Skia renderer. The key problem it solves is shader compilation jank — with Skia, complex shaders are compiled at runtime on first use, causing a visible stutter. Impeller pre-compiles all shaders to Metal (iOS) and Vulkan (Android) at build time, guaranteeing smooth first-frame rendering. Impeller is the default on iOS since Flutter 3.10 and is being rolled out to Android. It also enables more advanced visual effects and better GPU utilization.