What is Cloud Monitoring and Cloud Logging in GCP?

Cloud Monitoring (formerly Stackdriver Monitoring) collects metrics, events, and metadata from GCP services, GKE, and custom applications. It provides dashboards, alerting policies, uptime checks, and SLO monitoring. Metrics can be from built-in GCP services or custom metrics sent via the Monitoring API. Cloud Logging (formerly Stackdriver Logging) collects, stores, and analyzes log data. All GCP services emit logs automatically. Logs Explorer allows querying logs with Cloud Logging query language. Log-based metrics convert log data into Monitoring metrics. Error Reporting: automatically groups exceptions. Cloud Trace: distributed tracing for latency analysis. Cloud Profiler: continuous CPU and memory profiling in production. Together they form GCP's operations suite for full observability.