What is natural language processing (NLP)?

Answer

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is the subfield of AI focused on enabling computers to understand, generate, and interact with human language. Core tasks: text classification (sentiment analysis, spam detection), named entity recognition (NER), machine translation, question answering, text summarization, information extraction, and speech recognition. Traditional NLP used bag-of-words and n-grams; modern NLP is dominated by Transformer-based pre-trained models (BERT, GPT, T5, LLaMA) that achieve human-level performance on many benchmarks.