What is DHCP?
Answer
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) automatically assigns IP addresses and other network configuration parameters to devices on a network, eliminating the need for manual IP configuration. When a device connects to a network, it broadcasts a DHCP Discover message. A DHCP server responds with an Offer containing an available IP address. The client sends a Request, and the server sends an Acknowledgment confirming the lease. This process is known as DORA (Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledge). DHCP assigns: IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server addresses. Leases are temporary — the client must renew before expiry. DHCP is running on your home router, giving each device a local IP from the 192.168.x.x range automatically.