What is BDD (Behavior-Driven Development)?
Answer
BDD (Behavior-Driven Development) extends TDD by writing tests in a natural language format that business stakeholders can understand — bridging communication between developers, testers, and business. Tests are written as scenarios in Gherkin language: Given (initial context), When (action), Then (expected outcome). Example: Feature: User Login Scenario: Successful login Given the user is on the login page When they enter valid credentials And click Login Then they should be redirected to the dashboard. Tools: Cucumber (Java/Ruby/JavaScript), SpecFlow (C#), Behave (Python), Behat (PHP). Step definitions connect Gherkin to actual test code. BDD promotes shared understanding of requirements, living documentation, and tests that reflect business value. It's particularly valuable when business stakeholders are involved in defining acceptance criteria.