What design challenge does "clock skew" introduce in distributed systems, and how do logical clocks (e.g., Lamport timestamps) help?
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The correct answer is A) Physical clocks on different machines can drift, making it unreliable to order events by wall-clock time alone; logical clocks provide a way to establish a consistent partial ordering of events based on causality rather than physical time
Correct Answer
Physical clocks on different machines can drift, making it unreliable to order events by wall-clock time alone; logical clocks provide a way to establish a consistent partial ordering of events based on causality rather than physical time
Because physical clocks can drift between nodes, relying on timestamps for ordering events can produce incorrect results; logical clocks (Lamport, vector clocks) capture causal relationships ("happened-before") independent of physical time.